EFEKTIFITAS EDUKASI GIZI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN STATUS GIZI PADA PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DI YAYASAN CAHAYA MUTIARA UBUD

Ari Cantika Dewi, Ni Kadek (2026) EFEKTIFITAS EDUKASI GIZI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN STATUS GIZI PADA PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DI YAYASAN CAHAYA MUTIARA UBUD. Diploma thesis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar Jurusan Gizi 2026.

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Abstract

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NUTRITION EDUCATION ON NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND STATUS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AT THE CAHAYA MUTIARA UBUD FOUNDATION People with disabilities are a vulnerable group at risk of experiencing nutritional problems due to limited access to health information and education. Low nutrition knowledge may affect their understanding and behavior in meeting daily nutritional needs. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of nutrition education on nutrition knowledge and nutritional status among people with disabilities at Cahaya Mutiara Ubud Foundation. This quantitative study employed a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The sample consisted of 40 people with disabilities selected using total sampling. Nutrition knowledge data were collected using a questionnaire, while nutritional status was assessed through anthropometric measurements of body weight and height to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI). Nutrition education was provided using leaflets, posters, and food models. The results showed a significant increase in nutrition knowledge following the intervention. The mean knowledge score increased from 62.5 before the intervention to 84.5 after the intervention, with the Wilcoxon test yielding p < 0.05. Meanwhile, the mean BMI decreased from 22.3 to 21.9; however, the change was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Thus, nutrition education was effective in improving nutrition knowledge but was not yet effective in producing significant changes in nutritional status during the study period. Changes in nutritional status require longer and continuous interventions supported by behavioral and dietary changes. Keywords: nutrition education, nutrition knowledge, nutritional status. EFEKTIFITAS EDUKAIS GIZI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN STATUS GIZI PADA PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DI YAYASAN CAHAYA MUTIARA UBUD Penyandang disabilitas merupakan kelompok rentan yang berisiko mengalami masalah gizi akibat keterbatasan akses terhadap informasi dan edukasi kesehatan. Pengetahuan gizi yang rendah dapat memengaruhi pemahaman serta perilaku dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas edukasi gizi terhadap pengetahuan dan status gizi penyandang disabilitas di Yayasan Cahaya Mutiara Ubud. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperimen one group pre-test and post-test. Sampel terdiri dari 40 penyandang disabilitas yang dipilih melalui teknik total sampling. Data pengetahuan gizi diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan status gizi ditentukan berdasarkan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan untuk menghitung Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT). Edukasi diberikan menggunakan media leaflet, poster, dan food model makanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan gizi yang signifikan setelah edukasi. Rata-rata nilai pengetahuan meningkat dari 62,5 sebelum intervensi menjadi 84,5 setelah intervensi, dengan uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan p < 0,05. Rerata IMT menurun dari 22,3 menjadi 21,9, tetapi perubahan tersebut tidak signifikan secara statistik (p > 0,05). Dengan demikian, edukasi gizi efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan, tetapi belum efektif mengubah status gizi secara signifikan selama periode penelitian. Perubahan status gizi memerlukan intervensi lebih lama dan berkelanjutan serta didukung perubahan perilaku dan pola makan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan individu penyandang disabilitas secara lebih konsisten. Kata kunci: edukasi gizi, pengetahuan gizi, status gizi.

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