Uji Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum Ekstrak Etanol Buah Legundi (Vitex trifolia) terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus

Azizah, Maura Thania (2026) Uji Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum Ekstrak Etanol Buah Legundi (Vitex trifolia) terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus. Diploma thesis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar Jurusan Teknologi Laboratorium Medis 2026.

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Abstract

DETERMINING THE MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LEGUNDI FRUIT (Vitex trifolia) AGAINST THE GROWTH OF Staphylococcus aureus ABSTRACT Background: Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium that causes skin and soft tissue infections. A study in Indonesia reported that S. aureus caused 45.3% of skin and soft tissue infection cases. Increasing antibiotic resistance has encouraged the development of alternative antibacterial agents from natural products. Legundi fruit (Vitex trifolia) contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins with antibacterial potential. Purpose: To determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of legundi fruit (Vitex trifolia) against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus by determining its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Methods: This true experimental study used the liquid dilution method with extract concentrations of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, 1.56%, 0.78%, and 0.39%, including positive and negative controls. MIC determination was conducted by measuring absorbance values before and after incubation using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Results: UV-Vis spectrophotometric measurement of optical density (OD) showed inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus growth, indicated by a decrease in ΔOD values or ΔOD≤0. The decrease in the last ΔOD value was observed at a 12.5% concentration. Conclusion: Based on the results of this tests, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of ethanol extract of legundi fruit (Vitex trifolia) against Staphylococcus aureus was determined to be 12.5%. Keywords: antibacterial; legundi fruit; MIC; Staphylococcus aureus UJI KONSENTRASI HAMBAT MINIMUM EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH LEGUNDI (Vitex trifolia) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri patogen oportunistik penyebab infeksi kulit dan jaringan lunak. Penelitian di Indonesia melaporkan bahwa S. aureus menyebabkan 45,3% kasus infeksi kulit dan jaringan lunak. Meningkatnya resistensi antibiotik mendorong pengembangan antibakteri alternatif berbahan alam. Buah legundi (Vitex trifolia) mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, terpenoid, alkaloid, tanin, dan saponin yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan: Mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol buah legundi (Vitex trifolia) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dengan penentuan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM). Metode: Penelitian eksperimen sungguhan ini menggunakan metode dilusi cair dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, 3,125%, 1,56%, 0,78%, dan 0,39%, serta kontrol positif dan negatif. Penentuan KHM dilakukan dengan mengukur nilai absorbansi sebelum dan sesudah inkubasi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil: Pengamatan optical density (OD) menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis menunjukkan adanya hambatan pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus yang ditandai dengan penurunan nilai ΔOD atau ΔOD≤0. Penurunan nilai ΔOD terakhir terlihat pada konsentrasi 12,5%. Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) ekstrak etanol buah legundi (Vitex trifolia) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus adalah 12,5%. Kata kunci: antibakteri; buah legundi; KHM; Staphylococcus aureus

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