EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH ANDALIMAN (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Cutibacterium acnes

Simarmata, Dianekke Margaretha Br (2026) EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH ANDALIMAN (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Cutibacterium acnes. Diploma thesis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar Jurusan Teknologi Laboratorium Medis.

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Abstract

EFFECTIVENESS OF ANDALIMAN FRUIT (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) ETHANOL EXTRACT IN INHIBITING THE GROWTH OF Cutibacterium acnes BACTERIA ABSTRACT Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with the growth of Cutibacterium acnes. Prolonged antibiotic use may lead to bacterial resistance, necessitating alternative natural antibacterial agents. Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) contains bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids that may exhibit antibacterial activity. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of ethanol extract of andaliman fruit in inhibiting the growth of Cutibacterium acnes. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study employed the disc diffusion method. Ethanol extract of andaliman fruit was tested at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Clindamycin 2 µg and 96% ethanol served as positive and negative controls, respectively. Each treatment was conducted in four replications. Antibacterial activity was assessed by measuring the inhibition zone diameter on Mueller Hinton Agar after incubation. Results: The extract demonstrated antibacterial activity at all concentrations tested. Mean inhibition zone diameters at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% concentrations were 7.25 mm, 9.375 mm, 10 mm, and 12.375 mm, respectively. The 5% and 10% concentrations showed moderate activity, while 15% and 20% showed strong activity. Clindamycin produced a 25.125 mm inhibition zone, whereas the negative control showed no inhibition. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of andaliman fruit effectively inhibited Cutibacterium acnes growth, with the 20% concentration showing the greatest antibacterial activity. Keywords: andaliman, antibacterial, Cutibacterium acnes, inhibition zone. EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH ANDALIMAN (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Cutibacterium acnes ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Acne vulgaris merupakan penyakit kulit inflamasi kronis yang berkaitan dengan pertumbuhan Cutibacterium acnes. Penggunaan antibiotik dalam jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan resistensi bakteri sehingga diperlukan alternatif antibakteri alami. Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, dan terpenoid yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak etanol buah andaliman dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Cutibacterium acnes. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Ekstrak etanol buah andaliman diuji pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Klindamisin 2 µg digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan etanol 96% sebagai kontrol negatif. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan empat kali pengulangan. Aktivitas antibakteri dinilai berdasarkan diameter zona hambat pada media Mueller Hinton Agar setelah inkubasi. Hasil: Seluruh konsentrasi ekstrak menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap C. acnes. Rerata diameter zona hambat pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% berturut-turut sebesar 7,25 mm; 9,375 mm; 10 mm; dan 12,375 mm. Kontrol positif menghasilkan zona hambat 25,125 mm, sedangkan kontrol negatif tidak menunjukkan zona hambat. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol buah andaliman efektif menghambat pertumbuhan Cutibacterium acnes, dengan konsentrasi 20% sebagai konsentrasi yang paling efektif. Kata kunci: andaliman, antibakteri, Cutibacterium acnes, zona hambat.

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