PERBEDAAN STATUS GIZI BERDASARKAN RIWAYAT KEHAMILAN PADA IBU NIFAS DI RSUD BAJAWA

Tay, Regina (2026) PERBEDAAN STATUS GIZI BERDASARKAN RIWAYAT KEHAMILAN PADA IBU NIFAS DI RSUD BAJAWA. Diploma thesis, Politeknik Kesehatan Denpasar Jurusan Gizi dan Dietetika 2026.

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Abstract

Status gizi ibu nifas merupakan indikator penting dalam menilai kesehatan ibu setelah persalinan. Riwayat kehamilan berisiko dapat memengaruhi kondisi fisiologis dan status gizi ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan status gizi berdasarkan riwayat kehamilan pada ibu nifas di RSUD Bajawa. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan melibatkan 30 ibu nifas yang dipilih melalui teknik total sampling. Variabel penelitian meliputi riwayat kehamilan dan status gizi berdasarkan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Independent Sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 25 responden (83,3%) memiliki riwayat kehamilan berisiko dan 25 responden (83,3%) memiliki status gizi berat badan kurang. Uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk menunjukkan data berdistribusi normal dengan nilai signifikansi 0,252 pada kelompok berisiko dan 0,638 pada kelompok tidak berisiko. Hasil uji Independent Sample t-test menunjukkan nilai p = 0,009 (p < 0,05), sehingga terdapat perbedaan signifikan status gizi berdasarkan riwayat kehamilan. Rata-rata IMT kelompok berisiko lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok tidak berisiko. Diperlukan peningkatan edukasi gizi, pemeriksaan ANC rutin, dan pemantauan kehamilan berisiko untuk mendukung kesehatan ibu nifas. Kata Kunci: status gizi, riwayat kehamilan, ibu nifas, IMT, ANC. Maternal nutritional status during the postpartum period is an important indicator of maternal health after childbirth. A high-risk pregnancy history may affect the mother’s physiological condition and nutritional status. This study aimed to determine differences in nutritional status based on pregnancy history among postpartum mothers at RSUD Bajawa. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 30 postpartum mothers selected using total sampling. The variables included pregnancy history and nutritional status based on Body Mass Index (BMI). Data were analyzed using the Independent Sample t-test. The results showed that 25 respondents (83.3%) had a high-risk pregnancy history, while 5 respondents (16.7%) had no high-risk history. In addition, 25 respondents (83.3%) were categorized as underweight based on BMI. The Shapiro-Wilk test indicated normally distributed data, with significance values of 0.252 in the high-risk group and 0.638 in the non-risk group (p > 0.05). The Independent Sample t-test showed a significant difference in nutritional status based on pregnancy history, with a p-value of 0.009 (p < 0.05). The average BMI of mothers with a high-risk pregnancy history was lower than that of mothers without a high-risk history. In conclusion, pregnancy history was significantly associated with differences in postpartum maternal nutritional status. Therefore, nutritional education, routine antenatal care, and monitoring of high-risk pregnancies are recommended. Keywords: nutritional status, pregnancy history, postpartum mothers, BMI, antenatal care (ANC).

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