PENANGANAN PANDEMI CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19)

Putra, I Putu Wawan Narendra (2020) PENANGANAN PANDEMI CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19). Diploma thesis, Poltekkes Denpasar Jurusan Keperawatan.

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Abstract

HANDLING OF PANDEMIC CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) ABSTRACT Background: China reports mysterious cases of pneumonia with no known cause. Within 3 days, the number of patients with these cases was 44 and counting to thousands of cases. The first case of this mysterious pneumonia sufferer was reported in Wuhan with a history of visiting the local seafood market where wild animals were also sold, then WHO announced a new name on 11 February 2020 namely Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. On March 11, 2020 WHO announced Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic Methods: Using 8 databases (Pubmed.gov, Medscape.com, Sciencedrect.com, google Schoolar, Nejm.org, ResearchGate, Garuda Portal and Thelancet.com) that were searched between 2004 and 2020 in the form of research journals, articles, literature reviews and handbooks which addresses Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Keywords: Coronavirus, Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19 for searching electronic databases. Journals, articles, literature reviews as well as Handbooks that are found in accordance with keywords are then screened and viewed abstractly / read full text articles. Results: In SARS-CoV-2, it is suspected that after the virus enters the cell, the viral RNA genome will be released into the cytoplasm of the cell and transfused into two polyoproteins and a structural protein. Next, the viral genome will begin to replicate. The glycoprotein in the newly formed virus envelope enters the endoplasmic reticulum membrane or the Golgi cell occurs when nucleocapsid formation is made up of RNA genomes and nucleocapsid proteins, virus particles will grow into the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi cells. In the final stage, vesicles containing virus particles will join the plasma membrane to release new viral components. Conclusion: Management in the form of basic protection, conducting surveillance and isolation activities, the use of personal protective equipment, especially those of the medical community, enhancing self-immunity and controlling comorbid diseases must be done to prevent further spread because at present some antiviral drugs and vaccines are being tested for effectiveness. Keywords: Coronavirus, Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19 PENANGANAN PANDEMI CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) ABSTRAK Latar belakang: China melaporkan kasus pneumonia misterius yang tidak diketahui penyebabnya. Dalam 3 hari, pasien dengan kasus tersebut berjumlah 44 pasien dan terus bertambah hingga ribuan kasus, Kasus pertama penderita pneumonia misterius ini dilaporkan di Wuhan yang memiliki riwayat mengunjungi pasar makanan laut lokal dimana hewan liar juga dijual, kemudian WHO mengumumkan nama baru pada 11 Februari 2020 yaitu Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang disebabkan oleh virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Pada Tanggal 11 Maret 2020 WHO mengumumkan Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) sebagai pandemi Metode: Menggunakan 8 database (Pubmed.gov, Medscape.com, Sciencedrect.com, google Schoolar, Nejm.org, ResearchGate, Portal Garuda dan Thelancet.com) yang dicari pada antara tahun 2004 sampai 2020 berupa jurnal penelitian, artikel, literatur review dan handbook yang membahas Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Kata kunci: Coronavirus, Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19 untuk mencari pada database elektronik. Jurnal, artikel, literatur review mapupun Handbook yang yang ditemukan sesuai dengan kata kunci selanjutnya dilakukan skrining dan dilihat abstrak/ dibaca artikel full text. Hasil: Pada SARS-CoV-2, diduga setelah virus masuk ke dalam sel, genom RNA virus akan dikeluarkan ke sitoplasma sel dan ditransfusikan menjadi dua polioprotein dan protein structural. Selanjutnya, genom virus akan mulai bereplikasi. Glikoprotein pada selubung virus yang baru terbentuk masuk dalam membrane reticulum endoplasma atau golgi sel terjadi pembentuka nukleokapsid yang tersusun dari genom RNA dan protein nukleokapsid, partikel virus akan tumbuh ke dalam reticulum endoplasma dan golgi sel. Pada tahap akhir, vesikel yang mengandung partikel virus akan bergabung dengan membran plasma untuk melepaskan komponen virus yang baru. Kesimpulan: Penatalaksaan berupa proteksi dasar, melakukan kegiatan survailans dan isolasi, penggunaan alat pelindung diri khususnya para medis, peningkatan imunitas diri dan mengendalikan penyakit komorbid harus dilakukan untuk mencegah penyebaran lebih lanjut karena pada saat ini beberapa obat antiviral dan vaksin sedang diuji coba efektvitasnya Kata kunci: Coronavirus, Coronavirus Disease 2019, COVID-19

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