HUBUNGAN STATUS EKONOMI KELUARGA DAN STATUS GIZI IBU SAAT HAMIL DENGAN STATUS STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 24-59 BULAN DI PUSKESMAS RADABATA KECAMATAN GOLEWA KABUPATEN NGADA

Sole, Theresia Afila (2026) HUBUNGAN STATUS EKONOMI KELUARGA DAN STATUS GIZI IBU SAAT HAMIL DENGAN STATUS STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 24-59 BULAN DI PUSKESMAS RADABATA KECAMATAN GOLEWA KABUPATEN NGADA. Diploma thesis, Politeknik Kesehatan Denpasar Jurusan Gizi dan Dietetika 2026.

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Abstract

Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis yang ditandai dengan tinggi badan menurut umur berada di bawah −2 standar deviasi berdasarkan standar World Health Organization. Data UPTD Puskesmas Radabata menunjukkan jumlah balita stunting meningkat dari 72 balita pada tahun 2024 menjadi 99 balita pada tahun 2025, serta terdapat 18 ibu hamil mengalami Kekurangan Energi Kronis. Kondisi ini menjadi alasan dilakukannya penelitian mengenai hubungan status ekonomi keluarga dan status gizi ibu saat hamil dengan status stunting pada balita umur 24–59 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel berjumlah 72 ibu yang memiliki balita dan dipilih menggunakan simple random sampling. Data status ekonomi diperoleh dari pemerintah desa, status gizi ibu dari data Lingkar Lengan Atas dalam buku KIA, dan status stunting berdasarkan indeks tinggi badan menurut umur. Analisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman Rank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 45 balita (62,5%) stunting, 37 keluarga (51,4%) miskin, dan 35 ibu (48,6%) mengalami KEK. Status ekonomi keluarga tidak berhubungan dengan status stunting (p=0,132; r=−0,179), sedangkan status gizi ibu saat hamil berhubungan signifikan dengan status stunting (p<0,001; r=0,581). Disimpulkan bahwa status gizi ibu saat hamil berhubungan dengan status stunting, sedangkan status ekonomi keluarga tidak berhubungan dengan status stunting pada balita 24–59 bulan di Puskesmas Radabata. Kata kunci: stunting, status ekonomi keluarga, status gizi ibu saat hamil, KEK, balita. Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem characterized by height-for-age below −2 standard deviations according to World Health Organization standards. Data from Radabata Public Health Center showed that stunted children increased from 72 in 2024 to 99 in 2025, and 18 pregnant women experienced chronic energy deficiency. This condition prompted research on the relationship between family economic status, maternal nutritional status during pregnancy, and stunting among children aged 24–59 months. This observational analytic study used a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 72 mothers selected through simple random sampling. Family economic status data were obtained from village government records, maternal nutritional status from Mid-Upper Arm Circumference records in the Maternal and Child Health Handbook, and stunting status from the height-for-age index. Data were analyzed using Spearman rank correlation. The results showed that 45 children (62.5%) were stunted, 37 families (51.4%) were poor, and 35 mothers (48.6%) had chronic energy deficiency. Family economic status was not significantly associated with stunting status (p=0.132; r=−0.179), whereas maternal nutritional status during pregnancy was significantly associated with stunting status (p<0.001; r=0.581). Maternal nutritional status during pregnancy was associated with stunting, while family economic status was not associated with stunting among children aged 24–59 months in Radabata. Keywords: stunting, family economic status, maternal nutritional status, chronic energy deficiency, children under five.

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