Pengaruh Determinan Pengetahuan Ibu Menurut Teori Reasoned Action Terhadap Kepatuhan dalam Skrining Hipotiroid Kongenital pada Bayi Baru Lahir

Pratiwi, Kadek Metriana (2025) Pengaruh Determinan Pengetahuan Ibu Menurut Teori Reasoned Action Terhadap Kepatuhan dalam Skrining Hipotiroid Kongenital pada Bayi Baru Lahir. Diploma thesis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar Jurusan Kebidanan 2025.

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Abstract

THE INFLUENCE OF MOTHER'S KNOWLEDGE DETERMINANTS ACCORDING TO REASONED ACTION THEORY ON COMPLIANCE IN CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROID SCREENING IN NEWBORN BABY The Study Was Conducted in the Working Area of the Buleleng I Health Center Technical Implementation Unit, Buleleng Regency in 2025 ABSTRACT Congenital hypothyroidism screening (CHS) is a crucial effort to detect thyroid disorders in newborns to prevent growth and developmental delays. The coverage of CHS in Indonesia, including at Buleleng I Public Health Center (Puskesmas), remains low. This study aimed to analyze the influence of maternal knowledge determinants based on the Theory of Reasoned Action on adherence to congenital hypothyroidism screening among newborns in the working area of the Buleleng I Public Health Center, Buleleng Regency, in 2025. This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design involving 50 postpartum mothers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The study was conducted from January to February 2025. The analysis showed that most respondents were aged 20–35 years, had a moderate level of education, were housewives, multiparous, had knowledge of CHS, and received family support. Fisher's Exact test indicated that variables significantly associated with CHS adherence were parity (p=0.048; OR=5.17; 95% CI=1.19–22.39), maternal age (p=0.012; OR=7.07; 95% CI=1.57–31.85), maternal education (p=0.002; OR=0.1; 95% CI=0.16–0.63), maternal occupation (p=0.009; OR=9.33; 95% CI=1.72–50.61), source of CHS information (p=0.018; OR=7; 95% CI=1.48–33.1), and family support (p=0.000; OR=27.00; 95% CI=3.03–240.39). Additionally, components of the Theory of Reasoned Action, including attitude toward behavior (p=0.007; OR=8.50; 95% CI=1.83–39.42), subjective norm (p=0.000; OR=27.00; 95% CI=3.03–240.39), and behavioral intention (p=0.004; OR=9.33; 95% CI=1.96–44.36), also showed significant influence. In conclusion, maternal knowledge determinants and components of the Theory of Reasoned Action significantly influenced adherence to congenital hypothyroidism screening. Continuous education involving family members is necessary to improve maternal compliance and enhance CHS coverage. Keywords: congenital hypothyroidism screening, Reasoned Action, adherence. PENGARUH DETERMINAN PENGETAHUAN IBU MENURUT TEORI REASONED ACTION TERHADAP KEPATUHAN DALAM SKRINING HIPOTIROID KONGENITAL PADA BAYI BARU LAHIR Studi Dilakukan di Wilayah Kerja Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Puskesmas Buleleng I Kabupaten Buleleng pada Tahun 2025 ABSTRAK Skrining hipotiroid kongenital (SHK) merupakan upaya penting untuk mendeteksi gangguan tiroid pada bayi baru lahir guna mencegah keterlambatan tumbuh kembang. Cakupan SHK di Indonesia, termasuk di Puskesmas Buleleng I, masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh determinan pengetahuan ibu berdasarkan teori Reasoned Action terhadap kepatuhan melakukan skrining hipotiroid kongenital pada bayi baru lahir di Wilayah Kerja Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Puskesmas Buleleng I Kabupaten Buleleng tahun 2025. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional pada 50 ibu postpartum melalui purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner teruji validitas dan reliabilitas, dan penelitian berlangsung pada Januari-Februari 2025. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden berusia 20–35 tahun berpendidikan menengah, IRT, multipara, serta mengetahui SHK dan didukung keluarga. Hasil uji Fisher Exact menunjukkan variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan dengan kepatuhan SHK adalah paritas (p=0,048; OR=5,17; CI 95%=1,19-22,39), usia ibu (p=0,012; OR=7,07; CI 95%=1,57-31,85), pendidikan ibu (p=0,002; OR=0,1; CI 95%=0,16-0,63), pekerjaan ibu (p=0,009; OR=9,33; CI 95%=1,72–50,61), sumber informasi SHK (p=0,018; OR=7; CI 95%=1,48-33,1) dan dukungan keluarga (p=0,000; OR=27,00; CI 95%=3,03-240,39). Selain itu, komponen teori Reasoned Action seperti sikap terhadap perilaku (p=0,007; OR=8,50; CI 95%=1,83-39,42), norma subjektif (p=0,000; OR=27,00; CI 95%=3,03-240,39), dan niat perilaku (p=0,004; OR=9,33; CI 95%=1,96-44,36) juga berpengaruh signifikan. Determinan pengetahuan ibu dan aspek teori Reasoned Action berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepatuhan dalam SHK. Diperlukan edukasi berkelanjutan yang melibatkan keluarga untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan ibu dalam mendukung peningkatan cakupan SHK. Kata kunci: skrining hipotiroid kongenital, Reasoned Action, kepatuhan.

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