HUBUNGAN FAKTOR SOSIAL EKONOMI TERHADAP KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 0-59 BULAN

Ningsih, Ni Komang Trisna Hadi (2025) HUBUNGAN FAKTOR SOSIAL EKONOMI TERHADAP KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 0-59 BULAN. Diploma thesis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar Jurusan Keperawatan 2025.

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Abstract

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS AND STUNTING IN CHILDREN AGED 0–59 MONTHS ABSTRACT Stunting is a condition in which children under five experience growth failure due to chronic malnutrition, resulting in height that is below the standard for their age. Income and socioeconomic disparities are indirect determinants of stunting. This study aimed to examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and the incidence of stunting among children aged 0–59 months. A cross-sectional design with purposive sampling was used, involving 159 respondents. Data were collected using a socioeconomic questionnaire and anthropometric measurements, and analyzed through univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses using chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that 62.9% of fathers and 56.6% of mothers had completed senior high school or equivalent, 67.9% of parents had an income of ≤Rp.3,119,080, and 62.3% of households had low food expenditure (<60% of total household expenditure). Most fathers (67.9%) and 40.9% of mothers were employed in the private sector, and all families had a complete parental structure. The prevalence of stunting was 13.2%. Significant associations were found between stunting and father's education (p=0.028), mother's education (p=0.044), household income (p=0.017), and food expenditure (p=0.033), with children from low-income families having a 4.457 times greater risk of stunting. However, no significant association was found for father's occupation (p=0.514), mother's occupation (p=0.366), or family structure. Parents are encouraged to enhance their nutritional knowledge so that education, income, and food expenditure can be optimally utilized to prevent stunting in children. Keywords: stunting, socioeconomic factors HUBUNGAN FAKTOR SOSIAL EKONOMI TERHADAP KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 0-59 BULAN ABSTRAK Stunting adalah kondisi balita yang mengalami gagal tumbuh akibat kekurangan gizi kronis, balita menjadi pendek untuk usianya. Pendapatan, dan kesenjangan sosial ekonomi menjadi penyebab tidak langsung dari masalah stunting. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor sosial ekonomi terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 0-59 bulan. Metode penelitian cross sectional dengan teknik purposive sampling, analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan uji statistic chi-square dan regresi logistic berganda dengan sampel 159 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner faktor sosial ekonomi dan antropometri. Hasil penelitian didapatkan: pendidikan ayah (62,9%) dan ibu (56,6%) adalah tamat SMA/sederajat, pendapatan orang tua ≤Rp.3.119.080 (67,9%), pengeluaran pangan rendah (<60% dari total pengeluaran rumah tangga) (62,3%), pekerjaan ayah (67,9%) dan ibu (40,9%) menjadi pegawai swasta, dengan struktur keluarga orang tua lengkap (100%), kategori status gizi stunting (13,2%). Kesimpulan ada hubungan signifikan faktor sosial ekonomi terhadap kejadian stunting yakni pendidikan ayah (p=0,028), pendidikan ibu (p=0,044), pendapatan orang tua (p=0,017), pengeluaran pangan (p=0,033) Keluarga berpendapatan rendah memiliki risiko 4,457 kali lebih besar mengalami stunting. Sedangkan pekerjaan ayah (p=0,514), pekerjaan ibu (p=0,366), dan struktur keluarga tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan. Saran orang tua diharapkan meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi agar pendidikan, pendapatan, dan pengeluaran pangan dapat dimanfaatkan secara tepat untuk mencegah stunting pada anak. Kata Kunci: stunting, faktor sosial ekonomi

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